The Applied Geophysics in Geology is investigating the subsurface geological structure based on measuring, monitoring and evaluating the physical properties/parameters of the subsurface. It handles immiscibly applied geological problems by contributing with the information derived by the instrumental data (terrestrial, marine and satellite). The aim of this lesson is to teach the trainees how to reveal the subsurface lithologies and structures, how to manage the physical parameters and evaluate them in order to geologically interpret them. More specifically, it contributes to the adumbration and understanding of the geotectonic structures (fault zones, basins, lithostratigraphic strata, palaiogeographic environments etc.), localization of the natural resources’ deposits (aquifer zones, hydrocarbons, ore deposits etc.) and evaluation and prediction of natural hazards from landslides etc.
The role and applications of applied geophysics in geology and geoenvironment. Presentation of geological issues that geophysics can contribute to their investigation; Data acquisition. Presentation of portable instruments, appropriate acquisition procedure for qualitative data, depending on the method and study area. Safety rules, solving problems; Correlation of geological-lithological formations/properties with measured physical parameters. Examples and analysis of the variation of the physical properties based on local geological characteristics. Geologically calibrating the measured physical parameters; Choosing the appropriate geophysical method/technique. Principles and restrictions of geophysical techniques. Representative examples for solving geological issues; Processing, evaluation and presentation methods of the geophysical results, depending on the geological problem. Evaluating the data quality; Case studies: Presenting geophysical research applied on geological problems, analyzing and evaluating the applied methods, processing, evaluation and presentation of the data and corresponding results; Examples of combining and correlating the application of geophysical techniques. Combined and comparative geological approach and interpretation of different geophysical parameters. Selection of the most suitable data and geophysical methods for the best result.