Υ4205 - OCEANOGRAPHY

INSTRUCTORS

COURSE KEY ELEMENTS

COURSE CONTENT:

A. Lectures

• Introduction to the science of Oceanography (history, current status in Greece, facilities, etc).
• Physicochemical properties of sea water (temperature, salinity, density, dissolved gasses, solar radiation/light, sound).
• Ocean dynamics (waves, currents, tide) in relation to coastal and subaqueous morphology.
• Exchange of energy between atmosphere and ocean (e.g. heat budget) and between land and ocean (water cycle, sediment influx).
• Principals of sedimentation (sediment origin, shape, size etc) and spatial distribution of sediments in the ocean floor.
• Introduction to the seismic (acoustic) tomography of the seafloor and its substrate (methodology, apparatus).
• Geodynamic formation and evolution of subaqueous relief (margins, mid-ocean ridges, abyssal plains, volcanic arcs) with emphasis on continental margins (shelf, slope, rise, trench).
• The relationship between terrestrial (e.g. river catchment) and marine (receiving basins) systems with respect to their geological origin and geomorphological characteristics. Coasts and their classification (e.g. primary, secondary, tectonic, volcanic, formed by terrestrial and/or marine factors).
• Coastal sedimentary environments (e.g. deltas, beaches, cuspate forelands, spits, barrier islands). Issues of coastal and offshore engineering, e.g. nearshore works (ports, groynes, breakwaters, nourishment), submarine cables and pipes.
• An introduction to the management of the marine resources and the protection of the marine environment.

B. Practice Exercises

• Oceanographic research tools and instruments
• Geography of the Oceans and Morphological characteristics of the seabed
• Sea water temperature
• Salinity and density of seawater
• Aegean Sea water balance
• Open sea waves (wind driven)
• Coastal currents (wave origin)
• Coastal Morphology
• Marine coastal sediments
• Acoustic dispersion of the seabed

C. Fieldwork

(Oceanographic measurements - Observations of the tidal phenomenon  at Euripus Strait)

LEARNING ACTIVITIES - TEACHING METHODS:

PLANNED LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

ASSESSMENT METHODS AND CRITERIA

To pass the Course, a minimum grade 5 (out of 10) is necessary.

The assessment process is conducted in Greek (there is the possibility of examination in English for Erasmus students).

In the theoretical part

• the grade is based on the written examination including the development of 10 topics (50% of the total grade)

In the practical part is :

• Written examination with development of short theoretical questions / multiple choice questions / solution of short exercises (50% of the total grade)

RECOMMENDED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books in Greek:

• Πούλος Σ., 2021, Εισαγωγή στην Ωκεανογραφία ή Ωκεανολογία, [Κωδ. ΕΥΔΟΞΟΣ: 102076267]
• Εισαγωγή στην Oceanography, Λεοντάρης Σ., Εκδόσεις ΣΥΜΜΕΤΡΙΑ [Κωδ. ΕΥΔΟΞΟΣ: 45293]
• Oceanography: Εισαγωγή στο θαλάσσιο Περιβάλλον, Α. Θεοδώρου, Εκδόσεις ΑΘ. ΣΤΑΜΟΥΛΗΣ

Books in Engish:

• Thurman, H. V., Trujillo, A. P., Abel, D. C., & McConnell, R. (1999). Essentials of oceanography. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
• Davis, R. A. (1972). Principles of oceanography. Addison_wesley Publishing Co., Inc. West End House, 11 Hills Place, London W 1 R 2, UK. 448, 1972.
• Summerhayes, C. P., & Thorpe, S. A. (1996). Oceanography. Manson Publishing.
• Josey, S. A., Kent, E. C., & Taylor, P. K. (1998). The Southampton Oceanography Centre (SOC) ocean-atmosphere heat, momentum and freshwater flux atlas (pp. 1-33). Southampton, UK: Southampton Oceanography Centre.
• Gupta, H. K. (2005). Oceanology. Universities Press.
• Wright J._ Rothery D. A  & BrownJ. The Ocean Basins_ Their Structure and Evolution, Second Edition (Open University Oceanography) (1998) - libgen.lc
• Open University - Seawater, Second Edition_ Its Composition, Properties and Behaviour (1995)
• Open University - Waves, Tides and Shallow-Water Processes, Second Edition   (2000, Butterworth-Heinemann)
• Papathanassiou E and Zenetos A., 2005. State of the Hellenic Marine Environment, HCMR, Report, Athens.

Articles (related to Greece):

• Mariotti, A., Struglia, M. V., Zeng, N., and Lau, K. M., 2002, The hydrological cycle in the Mediterranean region and implications for the water budget of the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of climate, 15(13), 1674-1690
• Nomikou P., Hübscher C., Papanikolaou D., Farangitakis P. G., Ruhnau M., Lampridou D. (2018). Expanding extension, subsidence and lateral segmentation within the Santorini - Amorgos basins during Quaternary: Implications for the 1956 Amorgos events, central - south Aegean Sea, Greece. Tectonophysics 722, pp.138.
• Nomikou, P., Papanikolaou, D., Alexandri, M., Sakellariou, D., & Rousakis, G. (2013). Submarine volcanoes along the Aegean volcanic arc. Tectonophysics, 597, 123-146.
• Nomikou, P., Druitt, T. H., Hübscher, C., Mather, T. A., Paulatto, M., Kalnins, L. M., .. & Pyle, D. M. (2016). Post-eruptive flooding of Santorini caldera and implications for tsunami generation. Nature communications, 7(1), 1-10.
• Poulos, S. E., Drakopoulos, P. G., & Collins, M. B. (1997). Seasonal variability in sea surface oceanographic conditions in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean): an overview. Journal of Marine Systems, 13(1-4), 225-244.
• Poulos, S., & Kotinas, V. (2020). Physio-geographical characteristics of the marine regions and their catchment areas of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea marine system. Physical Geography, 1-37.
• Poulos, S. E. (2020). The Mediterranean and Black Sea Marine System: An overview of its physico-geographic and oceanographic characteristics. Earth-Science Reviews, 200, 103004.
• Poulos, S. E., Ghionis, G., & Maroukian, H. (2009). Sea-level rise trends in the Attico–Cycladic region (Aegean Sea) during the last 5000 years. Geomorphology, 107(1-2), 10-17.
• Pinardi, N., Zavatarelli, M., Adani, M., Coppini, G., Fratianni, C., Oddo, P., .. and Bonaduce, A., 2015.  Mediterranean Sea large-scale low-frequency ocean variability and water mass formation rates from 1987 to 2007: A retrospective analysis. Progress in Oceanography, 132, 318-332.
• Schroeder, K., J. Garcìa-Lafuente, S.A. Josey, V. Artale, B. Buongiorno Nardelli, A. Carrillo, M. Gačić, G.P. Gasparini, M. Herrmann, P. Lionello, W. Ludwig, C. Millot, E. Özsoy, G. Pisacane, J.C. Sánchez-Garrido, G. Sannino, R. Santoleri, S. Somot, M. Struglia, E. Stanev, I. Taupier-Letage, M.N. Tsimplis, M. Vargas-Yáñez, V. Zervakis, G. Zodiatis, 2012, Chapter 3: Circulation of the Mediterranean Sea and its variability, in Lionello P, editor, The Climate of the Mediterranean Region, from the past to the future, Elsevier Insights, Amsterdam, pp. 187-256.
• Tsimplis, M. N., and Spencer N.E., 1997. Collection and analysis of monthly mean sea level data in the Mediterranean and the Black Seas. Journal. Coastal Research, 13(2), 534 – 544.

Related Scientific Journals:

• Mediterranean Marine Science
• Oceanology
• J. Marine Systems
• J. Marine Geology
• J. GeoMarine Letters

¹ V.S.: Visitor Students (e.g. ERASMUS)